The Lippman-Schwinger equation for two-nucleon scattering

The integrated cross section is given by \[ \sigma = 2\pi \int_0^{\pi} |f(\theta)|^2 \sin \theta d\theta \] \[ =2\pi \sum_l |\frac{(2l+1)}{k} \sin(\delta_l)|^2 \int_0^{\pi} (P_l(\cos(\theta)))^2 \sin(\theta) d\theta\] \[ = \frac{4\pi}{k^2} \sum_l (2l+1) \sin^2\delta_l(k) = 4\pi \sum_l (2l+1)|f_l(\theta)|^2, \] where the orthogonality of the Legendre polynomials was used to evaluate the last integral \[ \int_0^{\pi} P_l(\cos \theta)^2 \sin \theta d\theta = \frac{2}{2l+1}. \] Thus, the total cross section is the sum of the partial-wave cross sections. Note that the differential cross section contains cross-terms from different partial waves. The integral over the full sphere enables the use of the legendre orthogonality, and this kills the cross-terms.